Plants would die if they could not use the chelation principle. The term chelate was first applied in 1920 by Sir Gilbert Morgan and H.D. Drew who stated: “The adjective chelate, is suggested for the caliper like groups which function as two associating units and fasten to the central atom so as to produce heterocyclic […]
Cytokinins, synthesized from adenosine monophosphate and mevalonic acid; are found in root tips and developing seeds and are transported within the plant via the xylem. Binding proteins have been identified in ribosomes, the cytosol and the nucleus. Cytokinins are potent growth factors necessary for cell growth and differentiation. They inhibit the breakdown of proteins and […]
The rhizosphere is the zone of soil that surrounds the plant root. This zone is where the biology and the chemistry of the soil are influenced by the root – but, there is no distinct edge. The zone is about 1mm wide and is an area of intense biological and chemical activity. This area is […]
It is important to understand that biostimulants do not act singly but rather act in conjunction with, or in opposition to, each other such that growth and development represents the net effect of biostimulant balance. Generally the hormonal biostimulants are thought to include five main classes: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene. There are […]
Enzymes and hormones are proteins. While all living cells produce enzymes and hormones, enzymes themselves are not alive. They function by altering other plant molecules by combining to form a complex molecular structure in which chemical reactions talce place. The enzyme and the hormone are true catalysts and separate from the product of the reaction. […]
Soils can be characterized according to their indigenous microflora which perform putrefactive, fermentative, synthetic and zymogenic reactions and processes. In most soils, these functions are going on simultaneously with the rate and extent of each determined by the types and numbers of associated microorganisms that are actively involved at anyone time. In disease-inducing soils, plant […]
The desired effects from applying cultured beneficial and Effective Microorganisms to soils can be somewhat vari able, at least initially. In some soils, a single application (i.e., inoculation) may be enough to produce the expected results, while for other soils even repeated applications may appear to be ineffective. The reason for this is that in […]
These soils are dominated by a microflora that can perform useful kinds of fermentation, i.e. , the breakdown of complex organic molecules into simple organic substances and inorganic materials. The organisms can be either obligate or facultative anaerobes. Such fennentation-producing microorganisms often comprise the microflora of various organic materials, i.e., crop residues, animal manures, green […]
These soils con tain significant populations of microorganisms which are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen and carbon dioxide into complex molecules such as amino acids, proteins and carbohydrates. Such micro organisms include photosynthetic bacteria which perform incomplete photosynthesis anaerobically, ce1tain Phycomycetes (fungi that resemble algae), and both green algae and blue-green algae which function aerobically. […]
The microflora of disease-suppressive soils is usually dominated by antagonistic microorganisms that produce copious amounts of antibiotics. These include fungi of the genera Penicillium, Tricho derma, and Aspergillus, and actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces. The antibiotics they produce can have biostatic and biocidal effects on soil-borne plant pathogens, including Fusarium which would have an incidence […]
